Watch.



H. A. BORRESEN.

1 WATCH. APPLICATION FILED JULY H. 1914..

Patented May 7,1918.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

H. A. BORHESEN.

WATCH.

APFUCATION HLED JULY n.1s'14'.

1,265,598. Patented May 7,1918.

I 2SHEETS-SHEET 2.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HELGE A. BORRESEN, 0F MARQUETTE, MICHIGAN.

WATCH.

Application filed July 11, 1914.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Huron A. BonRnsnN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Marquette, in the county of Marquette and State of Michigan, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in WVatches, of which the following is a full, clear, conrise, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification.

y invention relates to watches and has for its object the provision of an improved time reading mechanism wherewith to facilitate the reading of time and to provide improved mechanism for driving the various time indicating parts of the device.

More specifically my invention provides means whereby minute, hour and second hands may be driven concentrically with the second hand of a size commensurate with the importance of its indications, that is, the second hand being preferably of the ordinary size of the eccentric second hand.

In one of the preferred forms of my in vention, I arrange the second hand of smaller size than the hour hand and arrange the second indicia within the hour indicia, and arrange the minute indicia surrounding the hour indicia. In this way the numerals take their positions of relative importance so far as the reading of time is concerned. I contemplate that the second hand herein be driven continuously and thus more efficient means must be provided to drive it than would be necessary in the usual stop watch. Furthermore in thus having a continuously driven second hand concentrically mounted which may be short by having a position below the other hands, the said second hand operates more readily than the said sweep second hand and is not so liable to become afiected so far as the time keeping qualities are concerned due to touching either the dial or the crystal.

My invention contemplates the provision of improved driving mechanism re-arranged to drive the hands under the conditions mentioned in such a way that the ordinary watch can readily accommodate for the change without any modification except to increase the diameter of the third wheel, so that this third wheel may directly drive the concentric second pinion in addition to driving the fourth wheel.

I also provide a modified structure for driving the second hand concentrically be- Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 7 1918.

Serial No. 850,422.

low the hour hand in those watch models which are too small to readily accommodate the requisite central second hand bearings, by driving the concentric second wheel from the escape wheel. My invention however lends itself very readily to a still further enlargement of the third wheel by also enlarging the second or center wheel so that the third wheel in addition to driving the concentric second pinion may also directly drive the escape wheel, thereby eliminating the usual fourth wheel, and this same con struction will of course apply to driving the concentric sweep second hand from the third wheel at the back of the movement and through the center arbor in the usual way.

The concentric mounting of the hands as thus set forth permits the ready change of awatch from an open face to a hunting case, or vice versa by a mere rotation of the dial, and that the position of the winding stem may be located at its most advantageous point of the movement uncontrolled as previously by the position of the eccentric second hand.

In order to accomplish the re-arrangement of the hands of the watch as stated, so that eflicient driving may result I have arranged a novel structure of a center pinion whereby the usual structure of a cannon pinion may be eliminated and in its place a pinioned arbor is substituted, thereby decreasing the diameter for the requisite central second bearings.

This application in so far as it relates to the center second wheel being driven from the third wheel is a continuation of my application Serial No. 664,251, filed December 6, 1911.

The improved structure thus outlined also provides an improved recoil center pinion, together with other objects and advantages as will appear from the specific description of two forms of my improved device as will now be given in connection with the accompanying drawings illustrating such two forms, in which Figure 1 is a front view of a watch movement with the dial and hands omitted, certain parts of the movement not essential to the understanding herewith also being omitted for the sake of clearness;

Fig. 2 is a similar view of a modified form; I

Fig. 3 is a partial sectional view along line a-a of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a partial sectional view along line 6-?) of Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is one of many forms of dial design whichmay be used with and form part of my invention;

Fig. 6 is an enlarged sectional view of a portion of the mechanism along line aa of Fig. 1;

Fig. 7 is a sectional view on line c-c of Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 is a sectional view on line cZrZ of Fig. 6;

Fig. 9 is a front view of a watch move ment with the dial removed showing the concentric second wheel driven from the fifth or escape wheel;

Fig. 10 is a partial sectional view along line @-6 of Fig. 9;

Fig. 11 is a View similar to that of Fig.

6 of a modified form;

V Fig. 12 is a sectional view on line f of Fig. 11, and

Fig. 13 is a detail view of one of the looking elements.

Referring more particularly to Fig. 5, I show here an improved dial 1 having the minute hand 2 and hour hand 3 arranged as customary and also having a second hand 4:, all three hands being concentrically mounted and the second hand in this instance being shorter than the hour hand and mounted below both the hour and the minute hands. The second hand cooperates with thesecond indicia 5 and preferably operates within a suitable recess 6 to pre vent the second hand from becoming entangled with the hour or minute hands. The hour hand cooperates with suitable hour indicia 7 and the minute hand with suitable minute indicia S. The time including hours, minutes and seconds can thus be read concentrically, thereby to facilitate the reading of the time and the second indicia are not given any greater prominence than under the ordinary eccentric second hand mounting, yet at the same time the indicia tracks can all be unbroken and the second hand being of the small size shown will not be seriously retarded or retard the move ment of the watch should it by chance engage the dial. It will be seen that all of the indicia are complete, not having to be broken away owing to any eccentrically located hands or indicia.

My invention besides contemplating the improved arrangement of the hands and indicia as above set forth, contemplates also the provision of new and improved mechanism for driving these hands. One form is set forth more generally in Figs. 1, 3, 6, 7 and 8, and this particular form will now be described in detail. The illustrations herein while complete to show the necessary parts for driving the hands, do not however show any winding, setting, or other mechanism more or less unrelated to the objects herein, the addition of which is readily apparent to those skilled in the art.

This structure as set forth in Figs. 1, 8, 6, 7 and 8 includes a back plate 9 and a front plate 10 which carries the bearings as will readily appear and which also carries the dial 1. Between these parts a main spring barrel 11 is mounted in the custom ary manner carrying the first wheel 12. This first wheel is adapted to engage the teeth of the center pinion 13, which center pinion is loosely mounted upon the hollow center arbor 1 1. .The center pinion drives the center or second wheel 15 through the interposition of the ratchet element 16 as will presently appear. The second or center wheel 15 then through the interposition of the pinion 17 suitably drives the third wheel 18, which third wheel then drives the fourth wheel 19 to subsequently drive the escape wheel 20. The arrangement of the parts thus described is similar to that of the ordinary watch. However the third wheel 18 in this improved construction is made large enough to drive a pinion 21 adapted to actuate the second hand 4.

It will thus be readily seen that the mere substitution of a larger third wheel within the ordinary watch movement produces the dual function and effect of having the third wheel drive the concentric second hand and also 'drive the fourth wheel. Naturally the bearing for the third wheel must be shifted slightly so that it will be in correct relation to the fourth wheel. The minute hand 2 moves of course synchronously with the second wheel 15 as does also the pinion 22. This pinion 22 through the interposi tion of the gears 23 and 2 1 drives the hour hand wheel 25. It will thus be seen tha't'the various hands can be driven directly through the agency of the main spring carried within the barrel 11. The novel feature of having the third wheel drive 'the concentric second hand which is mounted below the hour hand will also be readily apparent and it will also be readily apparent that without modifying anything except'the the size and position of the third wheel the ordinary watch movement is in condition to accommodate for the change.

In Figs. 9 and 10, I set forth a simple structure that permits driving a second hand concentrically below, the'hour hand by simply extending the shaft 44c of the escape wheel toward the front of the watch to the lower movement plate and provide it with an additional pinion 45 of proper dimensions and number of teeth to rotate the wheel 46 associated with the concentric second hand.

My improved driving mechanism also contemplates the interposition of recoil mechanism whereby the shock due to the breaking of the main spring is compensated for. This recoil mechanism is designed to permit the use of a hollow center arbor of suflicient strength to perform its necessary functions. In order to trace the connection between the center wheel 15 and the arbor 26, reference will behad more particularly to Figs. 6, 7 and 8. The center pinion 13 is loosely carried by the hollow center arbor 14. It rests on top of a ratchet plate 16 having the ratchet teeth 27 so that as this pinion 13 revolves clockwise it carries the ratchet plate 16 with it. A spring 28 whose upper extremity is held within a recess 29 bears on top of a plate 30 surmounting the center pinion 13, thus forcing this center pinion downwardly so that the pinion leaves whose lower portions are shaped to intermesh with the ratchet teeth rest in the hollows formed by the teeth 27. The plate 26 has a downwardly extending annular collar 31 which to prevent rotation of this plate 16 about the hollow arbor 14 engages not only the rounded annular surface of this arbor, but also a flattened portion 32 thereof, thus fixing the plate 16 relative to the hollow arbor 14 to prevent rotation. The center wheel 15 has its hub 33 forced around the collar 31 so as to rivet the three parts respectively the center wheel 15, the plate 16 and the hollow arbor 14 together. The finger 34 at the upper extremity of the spring 28 and which enters through the hole 29- provided in the hollow arbor 14 serves also to cotiperate with a groove 35 formed about the center arbor 26 to hold this center arbor in place and to frictionally engage it so as to drive this center arbor synchronously with the center wheel 15. The groove 35 and finger 34 of the spring will also permit rotation of the arbor 26 durin the operation of setting the hands. The lower extremity of the arbor 26 is pointed to facilitate introduction into the hollow arbor 14 to force the spring finger 34 out of the way during this operation, this pointed extremity projecting beyond the back plate 9 to furnish means whereby pressure may be exerted against this arbor to push it out, when it be desired to do so, without injuring the more delicate pivot 36.

A structure operating substantially the same as above, but having certain modifications is shown in Fig. 11. The main advantage of this structure resides in the fact that the center wheel 15, the hollow arbor 14, the toothed washer 40, and the center pinion 13 may all be assembled and held together by the coil spring 28 without any of the parts being riveted together. In this structure the hub of the center wheel 15 has a central opening similar to the central opening shown in the lugged washer 40, both of which cooperate with the center arbor having at that portion of its periphery a similar contour. The center arbor 14 also has a shoulder 41 against which these elements rest. After the center wheel and washer 40 have been placed in position the center pinion 13 is then slid over the circular portion 47 of the arbor 14 and the coiled spring 28 is then next applied on top of the pinion 13 permitting the spring extension 42 to slip into place as shown more clearly in Figs. 11 and 12. The parts can thus be readily taken apart and assembled as is apparent. The washer 40 has the lugs 43 which fit in the teeth of the pinion 13 for driving purposes as well understood. When a recoil takes place however, the teeth of the pinion l3 slide over the beveled projections 43, the pinion moving upwardly against the action of the spring 28, thus to permit the parts to recoil contra-clockwise as may occur for instance when the main spring breaks.

It will be seen that a recoil of the center pinion 13 relative to the parts which it drives can readily take place when this center pin-- ion 13 tends to rotate contra-clockwise by merely riding over the teeth 27 against the action of the spring 28, thus providing the desired recoil safety features. A bridge 37 is provided to support the upper extremity of the shaft 38 carrying the third wheel 18. This bridge 37 is readily removable as apparent and also carries with it a delicate spring 39 for maintaining a steady rotation of the concentric second pinion 21 and at the same time to counteract the frictional pressure exerted in a given direction by the driv ing of the third wheel, thereby preventing friction.

' What has been thus described shows the ordinary watch model as readily re-ar- 105 ranged to accommodate for driving the hands in the manner outlined in Fig. 5.

A simplified structure to accomplish the same results is clearly set forth in Fig. 2 and Fig. 4 in which the main spring barrel 110 11 again drives a center pinion 13 similar to the center pinion shown in Fig. 1, this center pinion moving synchronously with the second or center wheel 15. The fourth wheel shown in Fig. 1 is however entirely 115 omitted and the third wheel 18 supported by a suitable removable bridge 37 directly drives the escape wheel 20 in addition to driving the concentric second pinion 21. I am thus enabled to simplify the movement by the 120 omission of the fourth wheel with the consequent reduction of friction due to the elimination of two bearings. By reason of this structure the center wheel and the third wheel 18 can be made sufficiently large so as 125 to furnish the required number of revolutions to the escape wheel., By using an enlarged third wheel engaging the escape wheel and the concentric second pinion 21, the concentric second pinion may be greatly 130 enlarged, thus providing ample material and a more serviceable structure.

Having thus described various forms of carrying out my invention from which its broad nature will be readily deducible, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

l. A watch having concentrically arranged minute, hour and second hands, an escape wheel pinion, and means whereby said escape wheel pinion directly and permanently drives said second hand.

2. A watch having hour, minute and second hands, the second hand operating below the hour and minute hands, an escape wheel Copies of this patent may be obtained for pinion, and means whereby thesecond hand is directly and permanently driven from said escape wheel pinion. I p

3. In a watch the combination with the hand gears, of an escape wheel pinion, and a Wheel for supporting a centrally located second hand, said wheel being concentrically mounted above the hand gears and being driven directly from the escape wheel pinion. In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name this 15th day of June A. ;D, 1,914.

, HEDGE A. BORRESEN. Witnesses:

HAZEL ANN JoNEs, MAX U. 'ZABEL.

five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, I). G.

pm A l I 

